Brexit process in brief from past to present
We can categorize this topic with several question.
First question is what is brexit?
We should understand brexit well.
-Brexit is an shortened form of the words Britain and exit.
Brexit refers to the UK leaving the EU.
We need to get this right.
On 23 June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union.
In referandum, 52% of voters voted to leave the European Union.
The referendum participation was very high at 72%, with more than 30 million people voting — 17.4 million people opting for Brexit.
After the Brexit referendum, United Kingdom Prime Minister David Cameron resigned
Secondly, Why is the UK leaving?
Before referendum, The Brexit campaign was supported by Boris Johnson, Michael Gove, Nigel Farage and other Brexit supporters on social media and on the Internet.
Nigel Farage is one of the most important political person for Brexit. He founded a party called Brexit Party in 2018.
The main objective of the referendum is immigration problem, the increasing refugee crisis, the UK’s inability to make enough money in the European Union, the recently rising Racism in Europe, Islamophobia and the insufficient integration of refugees within the European Union.
The anti-immigrants and the people who supported Brexit were not pleased due to refugee problem. The slow progress of the European Union led to the Brexit referendum.
Namely, Some of the reasons for the Brexit referendum are; Restrictions of the European Union and the false policies that come to prominence in the European Union, slow breakthrough movements.
In 2017, the UK officially informed the Council of Europe its intention to leave the EU by triggering Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty.
Thirdly, What are the commercial and economic relations?
Europe is the UK’s most important export market and the largest source of foreign investment.
— — The UK is the second largest economy in the EU after Germany.
Breakdown of the United Kingdom’s finances with the EU in 2017:
· Total EU spending in the UK: € 6.3 billion
· Total EU spending as % of the UK’s gross national income: 0.28%
· Total UK contribution to the EU budget: € 10.5 billion
· The UK’s Contribution to the EU budget as % of its GNI: 0.46%
Brexit was originally due to happen on 29 March 2019. That was two years after then Prime Minister Theresa May led Article 50 to start negotiations.
Member of Parliaments rejected Mrs. May’s Brexit deal.
Theresa May resigned after her Brexit deal was rejected three times.
-What is the new Brexit deal?
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced a new Brexit agreement with the European Union (EU).
The President of the European Commission announced a fair and balanced agreement between the two sides.
Customs is the basis of this agreement.
New customs arrangements were made with this treaty..
The rest of the deal has not changed much more than the deal negotiated by Mrs. May.
Known as the withdrawal agreement, it includes:
§ The rights of EU citizens in the UK and British citizens in the EU
§ How much money the UK is to pay the EU
-Why hasn’t the new Brexit deal been approved?
Boris Johnson attempted to put his revised deal to Parliament on 19 October.////
However, the vote did not go ahead. Deputies chose to postpone voting ////
While the Brexit legislation has passed the first hurdle in Parliament, the government has currently paused its passage. /////
-Will a no-deal Brexit cause disruption?
**If the UK leaves without a deal, the EU will start carrying out checks on British goods. That is because the UK will leave the customs union and single market overnight.
**This could lead to delays at ports, such as Dover. Some fear that this could lead to damage to the economy.
**Many Brexit supporters say it is hard to predict what will happen, or believe .
There can be economic disruption will be short-term and minor.
But some economists and business groups believe no deal would lead to economic harm.
There are three models planned by Brexiti advocates;
1. The United Kingdom, like Norway, will join the European Economic Area and will continue to trade from there.
2. The United Kingdom, such as Switzerland, will remain a member of the European Economic Commission and will continue to make agreements as trade.
3. The United Kingdom may remain with the European Economic Commission such as Turkey model
- Hard Brexit means the separation of the United Kingdom from the common market and the Customs Union.
- Soft Brexit means existing trade agreements remain as uniform as possible
The government has projected that in 15 years, the country’s economy will be 4 percent to 9 percent smaller under Brexit than it would inside the bloc, depending on how it leaves.
The European Union has agreed to extend the Brexit deadline until 31 January 2020.
If Britain leaves, it will be the first member state to withdraw from the EU.
The balance of power in the world has changed over the centuries.
The separation of England may lead to the complete disintegration of the European Union.
